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Age Related Macular Degeneration
What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?
Age-related macular degeneration is a progressive eye condition that affects the macula, the central part of the retina. It can cause a loss of central vision, making it difficult to read, drive, or recognize faces.
Types of AMD
Dry AMD
The more common form, characterized by the presence of yellow deposits called drusen in the macula
Wet AMD
Less common but more severe, involving the growth of abnormal blood vessels beneath the macula, leading to leakage and scarring.
Symptoms
Blurry or distorted central
vision
Difficulty seeing details or fine
print
Dark or empty areas in the central visual field
Colours appearing
less vibrant
Risk Factors
Age (especially over 50)
Family history
of AMD
Smoking And
Obesity
Light eye
colour
High blood pressure & cholesterol
Diagnosis
✓
Visual acuity test.
✓
Dilated eye exam.
✓
Optical coherence tomography (OCT).
✓
OCT-Angiography (OCT-A).
✓
Fundus Fluorescein Angiography (FFA).
Treatment Options
✓
Dry AMD : No cure , but lifestyle modifications and nutritional supplements may slow the progression and prevent further vision loss.
✓
Wet AMD : Treatment includes laser treatment, anti-VEGF injections and photodynamic therapy.
Lifestyle Modifications
Eat a balanced diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and fish high in omega-3 fatty acids.
Quit smoking and avoid second hand smoke.
Maintain a healthy weight and exercise regularly.
Protect your eyes from UV rays with sunglasses & hats.
Low Vision Rehabilitation
Visual aids like magnifiers, telescopic lenses, or digital devices can help maximize remaining vision
Enroll in vision rehabilitation programs to learn adaptive strategies for daily tasks and cope with vision loss.
Dr. Rohit Agrawal
MBBS, M.S (Gold medalist), FVRS
Vitreo-Retina, Uvea & ROP specialist
